To read the contents of a ZIP file, the first thing to do is to create a ZipFile object. zipfile has functions that make it easy to open and extract ZIP files. The zipfile module is a low level module that is part of the Python Standard Library.
You will learn how to read and write to both archive formats in this section. The Python programs you write can create, read, and extract data from archives. The two most common archive types are ZIP and TAR. ArchivingĪrchives are a convenient way to package several files into one. The next step is to call rename() on the path object and pass a new filename for the file or directory you’re renaming. To rename files using pathlib, you first create a pathlib.Path() object that contains a path to the file you want to replace. > from pathlib import Path > data_file = Path ( 'data_01.txt' ) > data_file. Using a context manager takes care of closing and deleting the file automatically after it has been read: TemporaryFile() is also a context manager so it can be used in conjunction with the with statement. As a last resort, tempfile will save temporary files and directories in the current directory. On all other platforms, the directories are /tmp, /var/tmp, and /usr/tmp, in that order. On Windows, the directories are C:\TEMP, C:\TMP, \TEMP, and \TMP, in that order. Python searches a standard list of directories to find one that the user can create files in. The temporary files and directories created using tempfile are stored in a special system directory for storing temporary files.
If you need to name the temporary files produced using tempfile, use tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(). Once the file is closed, it will be deleted from the filesystem.
There is no need to give the temporary file a filename since it will be destroyed after the script is done running.Īfter writing to the file, you can read from it and close it when you’re done processing it. In the example above, the mode is 'w+t', which makes tempfile create a temporary text file in write mode. This will create and open a file that can be used as a temporary storage area. Next, create a file like object using the TemporaryFile() method by calling it and passing the mode you want to open the file in. The first step is to import TemporaryFile from the tempfile module. read () # Close the file, after which it will be removed fp. write ( 'Hello universe!' ) # Go back to the beginning and read data from file fp.
Running the code above produces the following:įrom tempfile import TemporaryFile # Create a temporary file and write some data to it fp = TemporaryFile ( 'w+t' ) fp. For more information, read Python 3’s pathlib Module: Taming the File System. Another benefit of using pathlib over os is that it reduces the number of imports you need to make to manipulate filesystem paths. Using pathlib is more if not equally efficient as using the functions in os. Pathlib offers a set of classes featuring most of the common operations on paths in an easy, object-oriented way. iterdir() to get a list of all files and directories in my_directory. In the example above, you call pathlib.Path() and pass a path argument to it. pathlib was first introduced in Python 3.4 and is a great addition to Python that provides an object oriented interface to the filesystem. iterdir() contains information about the file or directory such as its name and file attributes. iterdir() method for creating an iterator of all files and folders in a directory. The objects returned by Path are either PosixPath or WindowsPath objects depending on the OS. From pathlib import Path entries = Path ( 'my_directory/' ) for entry in entries.